Spotters in "Nutrition and Health: Animal Foods" for CFM & MPH students
1. Cow's Milk (गाय का दूध):
Nutritional Values (per 100 gm) & important features of Cow's milk :
- Carbohydrate: 4.4 gm
- Protein: 3.2 gm
- Fat: 4.1 gm
- Energy: 67 kcal
- Minerals: 0.8 gm
- (Ca-120 mg, P-90 mg, Iron-0.2 mg, K-151 mg)
- Thiamine: 0.05 mg
- Riboflavin: 0.19 mg
- Niacin: 0.1 mg
- Folic acid: 8.5 mg
- Vitamin C: 1 mg
- Carotene: 53 µg
- Moisture: 87.5 gm
- Clinical importance: Rich in calcium. Contains milk protein casein, lactalbumin and lactoglobulin along with all essential amino acids and minerals.
2. Curd (cow) (दही):
Nutritional Values (per 100 gm) & important features of Curd :
- Carbohydrate: 3 gm
- Protein: 3.1 gm
- Fat: 4 gm
- Energy: 60 kcal
- Minerals: 0.8 gm
- (Ca-149 mg, P-93 mg, Iron-0.2 mg)
- Thiamine: 0.05 mg
- Riboflavin: 0.16 mg
- Niacin: 0.1 mg
- Folic acid: 12.5 mg
- Vitamin C: 1 mg
- Carotene: 31µg
- Moisture: 89.1 gm
- Clinical importance: Apart from vitamins and minerals it also contains several bacteria called probiotics eg. Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus, bifidobacterium bifidum which faciltate the growth of gut-friendly bacterial colony and suppress diarrhea causing agents.
Nutritional Values (per 100 gm) & important features of Cheese :
- Carbohydrate: 6.3 gm
- Protein: 24.1 gm
- Fat: 25.1 gm
- Energy: 348 kcal
- Minerals: 4.2 gm
- (Ca- 790 mg, P-520 mg, Iron-2.1 mg)
- Thiamine: 0.02 mg
- Riboflavin: 0.23 mg
- Niacin: 0.09 mg
- Carotene: 82 µg
- Moisture: 40.3 gm
- Clinical importance: Very rich in proteins, calcium & minimal in lactose.
Nutritional Values (per 100 gm: two eggs without shell) & important features of Eggs:
- Carbohydrate: 1.1 gm
- Protein: 13.3 gm
- Fat: 13.3 gm
- Energy: 173 kcal
- Minerals: (Ca- 60 mg, P- 220 mg, Iron-2.1 mg)
- Thiamine: 0.1 mg
- Riboflavin: 0.4 mg
- Niacin:0.1 mg
- NPU: 100
- Carotene: 420 µg
- Clinical importance: Rich in proteins which contains all essential amino acids. It contains all vitamins except vitamin C.
Nutritional Values (per 100 gm) & important features of freshwater Fish (Rohu) :
- Carbohydrate: 4.4 gm
- Protein: 16.6 gm
- Fat: 1.4 gm
- Energy: 97 kcal
- Minerals: 0.9 gm
- (Ca- 650 mg, P- 175 mg, Iron- 1 mg)
- Thiamine: 0.04 mg
- Riboflavin: 0.06 mg
- Niacin: 3.9 mg
- Moisture: 76.7 gm
- Clinical importance: Rich in calcium & proteins which are easily digested. Contains omega 3 fatty acids.
Nutritional Values (per 100 gm) & important features of Goat meat :
- Carbohydrate: 1.3 gm
- Protein:21 gm
- Fat: 3.6 gm
- Energy: 118 kcal
- Minerals: 1.1 gm
- (Ca- 12 mg, P-193 mg)
- Thiamine: 0.36 mg
- Riboflavin: 0.28 mg
- Niacin: 0.7 mg
- Vitamin A: 690 mg
- Vitamin C: 1 mg
- Moisture: 74.2 gm
- Clinical importance: Rich in good quality proteins with essential amino acids & minerals. Iron has high bio-availability.
Nutritional Values (per 100 gm) & important features of Chicken meat :
- Carbohydrate: gm
- Protein: 25.9 gm
- Fat: 0.6 gm
- Energy: 109 kcal
- Minerals: 1.9 gm
- (Ca- 25 mg, P-245 mg, Iron-0.7 mg)
- Thiamine: 0.06 mg
- Riboflavin: 0.11 mg
- Niacin: 8.78 mg
- Vitamin A: 41 mg
- Moisture: 72.2 gm
- Clinical importance: Rich in proteins containing essential amino acids & easily digestible. Contains very less fat.
References:
- National Institute of Nutrition (India), Gopalan, C., Rama, S. B. V., & Balasubramanian, S. C. (1978). Nutritive value of Indian foods. Hyderabad, India: National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research.
- Park, K. (2019). Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine. 25th. Jabalpur, India: M/S Banarsidas Bhanot.
- Kadri AM. (2019). IAPSM's Textbook of Community Medicine. 1st. New Delhi, India: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd.
- Longvah T, An-antan I, Bhaskarachary K, Venkaiah K. Indian food composition tables. Hyderabad: ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition; 2017.
- Mohan Ram M and I Gopalan (1981). Nutritional Disabilities, ICMR, National Institute of Nutrition, Hydrabad.
- Tricase, C., Amicarelli, V., Lamonaca, E., & Rana, R. L. (2018). Economic analysis of the barley market and related uses. In Grasses as Food and Feed. IntechOpen.
- https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/172436/nutrients
- https://plants.usda.gov/plantguide/pdf/pg_caca27.pdf
- https://www.feedipedia.org/node/742
- https://www.cardiosmart.org/news/2020/2/opinions-vary-on-benefits-of-milk photo credit
- https://ruttstores.com/product/milk-cream/curd/
- https://bobgamohamad.en.ec21.com/White_Fresh_Cheddar_Cheese--6941244_6941245.html
- https://thechickhatchery.com/home/white-leghorns-2/
- https://naturesbasket.co.in/Products/Rohu-Steaks-fish---Fresh/6291_0_0_0
- https://littlecaymangrocery.com/index.php/product/goat-meat-boneless/
- https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/country-chicken-meat-15827665391.html
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